5G NTN关键技术研究与演进展望

5G非地面网络（non-terrestrial network,NTN）技术是5G通信系统面向卫星通信和低空通信等新应用场景的重要技术，标志着5G技术应用从陆地通信走向了空间通信。首先分析了5G NTN和地面5G的差异点，包括网络架构、时频同步、HARQ和移动性管理等。进而介绍了3GPP Release 17的5G NTN标准进展及关键技术点与3GPP Release 18的5G NTN增强技术。最后展望了未来空、天、地一体化的技术演进。通过对5G NTN技术研究和标准分析，明确了5G和卫星通信融合的技术路线，并为后续6G空、天、地融合系统研究和设计提供基础。     

Effects of red-wine grape pomace on the quality and sensory attributes of beef hamburger patty

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of red-wine grape pomaces on the quality and sensory attributes of beef hamburger patties. Both phenolic content and antioxidant activity were assessed using Syrah, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon pomaces. Following the assessment, hamburger patties were prepared with Merlot pomace at 0%, 2% and 4% for the patty quality and sensory attributes. Grape seeds possessed significantly higher phenolics and antioxidant activities over the seedless pomace (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found for phenolics and antioxidant activities within the seeds and seedless pomaces. The patty pH decreased as the pomace was added for 2% and 4%. Colour values (L*, a* and b*) of patties lowered as the pomace was added. Allo-Kramer shear force and hardness values increased while cooking yield decreased (P < 0.05) with the addition of pomace. No significant difference between control and Merlot patties was found for flavour, juiciness and colour, whereas lower sensory attributes were observed for texture, taste and overall acceptability. It is observed that the addition of fermented red-wine grape pomace provides hamburger patties with health promoting factors such as antioxidant and other functional components, but it also provided darker, sourer and lower cooking yield.     

双酚芴环氧树脂体系热性能和粘接性能研究

环氧树脂是一种性能优异的热固性树脂，在结构胶粘剂和纤维增强复合材料领域应用广泛。但是常见的环氧树脂体系耐热性普遍较差，近年来，航空航天领域对材料的热性能提出了更高的要求，常规的环氧树脂体系已经无法满足耐高温需求。针对该问题，我们设计了一种耐热性较高的双酚芴型环氧树脂体系，并对其热性能和粘接性能进行了研究。在本文中，首先采用流变学方法和DSC研究了其工艺性能，使用DMA和TGA法分析了环氧树脂体系的耐热性能，并通过单搭接剪切试验测试了该环氧体系的粘接性能。结果表明，双酚芴型环氧树脂体系可在180℃固化，固化后的玻璃化转变温度达到190℃，失重5%时的温度为392℃，150℃时的剪切强度为5.8 MPa，展现了优异的耐热性能和粘接性能。     

Surface energies in high-entropy carbides with variable carbon stoichiometry

The carbon vacancy in high-entropy carbides (HECs) has a significant impact on their physical and chemical properties, yet relevant studies have still been relatively few. In this study, we investigate the surface energies of HECs with variable carbon vacancies through first-principles calculations. The results show that the surface energy of the (1 0 0) surface of the stoichiometric HECs is significantly lower than that of (1 1 1) surface. With the decrease in carbon stoichiometry, the surface energies of both (1 0 0) and (1 1 1) surfaces increase gradually, which is mainly due to the weakening of covalent bonding and the decrease of metal Hirshfeld-I (HI) charges. However, the surface energy of (1 0 0) surface increases more quickly than that of (1 1 1) surface and will exceed that of (1 1 1) surface when the carbon stoichiometry decreases to a certain extent, which is primarily attributed to the greater decrease rate of metal HI charges of (1 0 0) surface.     

基于压电双晶片的气动高速开关阀研究

基于智能材料驱动的高速开关阀具有比电磁高速开关阀更好的动静态特性。针对传统悬臂梁结构压电双晶片输出力较小的缺点，该文研究了一种基于压电双晶片的气动高速开关阀，提出了一种简支梁结构固定方式。借助 COMSOL对压电元件流固耦合问题进行分析，优化了阀的关键结构参数，并对样机进行了实验研究。实验结果表明，阀的工作频宽达到280 Hz，在压差0．3 MPa的条件下，最大流量为30．7 L/min。     

变形矩形和V形微屏蔽线传输特性的矢量有限元计算

微屏蔽线在使用过程中难免会产生变形。本文利用矢量有限元法讨论了矩形微屏蔽线和V形微屏蔽线的变形对其传输特性的影响，其中传输特性包括主模截止波长、单模带宽和主模电场结构。计算结果显示，两种微屏蔽线的变形对三种传输特性均有较大影响，这些数值计算结果对两种微屏蔽线在使用过程中出现变形时对整体器件的影响有较强的指导意义。     

海洋多肽的提取纯化及生物活性研究进展

海洋生物是人类重要的食物来源，其中含有大量高质量的蛋白质。海洋多肽具有抗高血压、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等生物学功能，作为开发功能性食品和药品的来源具有巨大的潜力。本文介绍了近年来国内外利用化学水解法、酶水解法、微生物发酵法以及物理辅助提取法提取海洋多肽并采用色谱法、膜分离法将其分离纯化的相关技术，比较了它们之间的差异性，并对海洋多肽的血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）抑制活性、抗氧化活性和抗肿瘤活性等生物活性以及应用现状进行了综述。     

南美白对虾肝胰腺蛋白提取方法优化及无水保活环境胁迫对细胞凋亡蛋白的影响

为提高Western Blotting结果的可靠性，以蛋白溶出率和凝胶电泳蛋白条带完整性为指标，比较提取液种类、研磨方式、酶抑制剂种类及其体积分数和提取时间对南美白对虾肝胰腺蛋白提取效果的影响。采用优化后的提取方法获得高质量蛋白样品，并采用Western Blotting法分析无水环境胁迫后南美白对虾肝胰腺组织中细胞凋亡信号通路相关蛋白的表达水平。结果表明：RIPA裂解液作为提取溶剂所得的蛋白溶出率高于水提和磷酸盐缓冲液，电动匀浆和液氮研磨所得蛋白条带更完整，4%蛋白酶磷酸酶混合抑制剂能有效抑制肝胰腺内源酶引起的蛋白降解；采用Western Blotting法分析无水保活期间南美白对虾肝胰腺蛋白，发现低温诱导休眠的同时会引起细胞轻微凋亡，且凋亡水平呈应激时间依赖性增加，环境胁迫解除后有所回调。